The process of becoming a U.S. citizen if you were born outside the U.S. is referred to as naturalization.  To be eligible for naturalization, you must have acquired legal permanent residence (green card) for a certain period of time.  Generally, you must have been a permanent resident for five years, or three years if you attained your legal permanent resident status via your U.S. citizen spouse. 

In addition, you must meet the following criteria:

– 18 years of age or older at the time you file the application; 

-Continuous residence and physical presence in the United States

-Able to read, write and speak English

-Demonstrate good moral character

-Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of U.S. history and government

-Demonstrate a loyalty to the principles of the U.S. Constitution

-Willing to take the Oath of Allegiance 

You are required to pass an English and civics test during the naturalization process.  There are exception available for certain individuals based on age or medical condition.  You may be exempt from the English language requirement if you are either age 50 and older and have resided in the U.S. for 20 years, or you are 55 or older and have resided in the U.S. for 15 years.  You are still required to pass the civics test, unless you qualify for a medical disability exception certified by a medical doctor.  

Once USCIS approves your application for naturalization, you will be invited to a ceremony in which you must take the Oath of Allegiance to the U.S. and you will officially become a U.S. citizen.